Which of the following can be a consequence of forest fragmentation?

Decreased genetic diversity in wildlife populations is a well-documented consequence of forest fragmentation. When large, continuous habitats are broken up into smaller, isolated patches, wildlife populations become separated from one another. This isolation can hinder the movement of individuals between populations, leading to inbreeding and a reduction in genetic variation. A diverse gene pool is crucial for the long-term survival of species, as it enhances their ability to adapt to changing environments and resist diseases. With reduced genetic diversity, populations are more vulnerable to extinction, particularly in the face of environmental stressors such as climate change, habitat loss, and disease outbreaks.

In contrast, increased food sources for all wildlife, enhanced connectivity between isolated habitats, and stronger resilience against climate change are generally not outcomes associated with forest fragmentation. Instead, these scenarios typically occur in larger, more connected habitats that support a variety of species and ecological interactions.