What role do old-growth forests play in carbon storage?

Old-growth forests play a crucial role in carbon storage primarily due to their extensive biomass, which consists of large, mature trees and a diverse array of plant and animal life. The significant age and size of the trees in these forests contribute to a high carbon storage capacity, as trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis and store it in their biomass, including stems, branches, leaves, and roots.

In addition to the live biomass, the soil in old-growth forests typically contains a rich organic layer that also contributes to carbon sequestration. The complex structure of these forests allows for greater longevity and stability, enabling them to sequester and store carbon over long periods. Furthermore, the presence of fallen trees, decomposing materials, and undisturbed soils amplifies their ability to store carbon compared to younger, actively growing forests, which may have a high turnover and less accumulated biomass overall.

Thus, old-growth forests are essential in mitigating climate change by acting as significant carbon sinks, and their conservation is vital for maintaining global carbon balance.