What function does the cambium layer serve in a tree?

The cambium layer in a tree plays a crucial role in the growth and cell division of the tree. It is a thin layer of living cells located between the bark (phloem) and the wood (xylem). The primary function of the cambium is to produce new cells that contribute to the increase in the radius of the stem, branches, and roots of the tree. It generates new xylem cells towards the inside, which transport water and nutrients, and new phloem cells towards the outside, which transport the products of photosynthesis.

As trees grow, the cambium divides, allowing for the thickening of the tree trunk over time. This process is essential for the tree's development, longevity, and overall health, as it enables the tree to increase its size and support. Understanding the role of the cambium is key in forestry, as it impacts how trees respond to their environment and how they can be managed for growth and sustainability.