Explain the term 'reforestation'.

Reforestation refers to the process of planting trees in an area that has been deforested. This practice is essential for restoring ecological balance, enhancing biodiversity, and mitigating climate change by sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. When forests are cleared—whether due to logging, agriculture, or natural disasters—reforestation helps to regenerate the forest cover that is vital for various wildlife species and for maintaining soil health. By introducing native tree species back into the ecosystem, this process not only supports wildlife habitats but also contributes to the overall health of the environment, including improved water retention in soil and reduced erosion.

In contrast, the other options describe different activities that do not align with the definition of reforestation. Sustainable logging focuses on managing forest resources responsibly, clearing land for agriculture pertains to land use changes rather than restoring forests, and managing existing forest resources involves practices to optimize the use of current forests rather than creating new forested areas. Therefore, the specific action of planting trees in a deforested area clearly defines reforestation.